40th Birthday Vacation Ideas: Unforgettable Trips for Couples, Families, and Adventure Seekers

Beautiful, over teh water bungalows in Bora Nora. There is blue water in teh foreground and beautiful green mountains in the back ground.

Turning 40 is a major milestone, and so it’s no surprise that there are a lot of people who think about commemorating it by checking something off of their bucket list. Whether you’re planning a luxury getaway, a romantic escape, or an adventure-packed trip, your 40th birthday deserves a special celebration. 

That’s where this guide comes in. We’ve rounded up a variety of 40th birthday vacation ideas to suit every type of traveler—couples, families, adventurers, and even those just looking to relax and indulge. So, let’s dive into some of the best places to celebrate your 40th in style, whether it’s lounging in luxury, exploring new cultures, or seeking adventure.


Overwhelmed by all of the options?

We love to help relieve travel research overwhelm! We take the stress and guess work out of planning your trip by getting to know you and clarifying what is important to you on your vacation. If you have 20 tabs of travel info open right now (yes, we see YOU!) click the button to reach out! We can help!


Luxury 40th Birthday Getaways

For those looking to treat themselves to something extra special, luxury vacations are the way to go. Turning 40 is the perfect excuse to splurge on that dream destination you’ve been eyeing for years. Whether you want to be pampered in a private villa or indulge in exclusive dining experiences, these destinations offer all the luxury you need to celebrate in style.

Bora Bora: Overwater Bungalows and Turquoise Waters

Beautiful, over teh water bungalows in Bora Nora.  There is blue water in teh foreground and beautiful green mountains in the back ground.

When you think of luxury and romance, Bora Bora is one of the first places that comes to many people’s minds.. These South Pacific Islands, located 143 miles North of Tahiti, is known for its crystal-clear lagoons and iconic overwater bungalows. 

Imagine waking up on your 40th birthday surrounded by turquoise waters, where your biggest decision of the day is whether to snorkel with tropical fish or relax in your private bungalow’s infinity pool. Bora Bora is the epitome of a luxury retreat, perfect for those wanting a peaceful, indulgent escape.

For a special touch, many resorts offer private dinners on the beach, where you can enjoy a gourmet meal under the stars. It’s a magical way to celebrate with a loved one or just revel in your own company as you take in the beauty of your surroundings.

Insider Tip

While most visitors stick to the lagoon, consider booking a snorkeling tour to Bora Bora’s hidden gem, the Coral Gardens. It’s a secluded snorkeling spot near the Sofitel Island, with vibrant coral formations and an abundance of marine life, including rays, eels, and tropical fish. This off-the-beaten-path experience offers a quieter and more intimate way to experience Bora Bora’s underwater beauty.

Tuscany: Wine Tasting and Culinary Delights

A hillside village in Tuscany with stone buildings.

For a luxurious 40th birthday vacation steeped in culture and history (and FABULOUS food and wine), Tuscany is hard to beat. This stunning region of Italy is famous for its rolling hills, picturesque vineyards, and world-class cuisine. Imagine spending your days touring family-owned wineries, tasting some of the finest wines in the world, and enjoying long, leisurely lunches featuring fresh, local ingredients.

In addition to wine tasting, Tuscany offers a rich cultural experience with its medieval towns, ancient architecture, and vibrant art scene. You can book a stay in a luxurious villa or a boutique hotel nestled among the vineyards, where you’ll be treated to breathtaking views and unparalleled hospitality. Tuscany’s culinary tours, paired with its artistic heritage, make it an unforgettable 40th birthday destination for anyone who loves great food, fine wine, and scenic beauty.

INSIDER TIP

While Tuscany’s big-name cities like Florence and Siena are must-sees, for an authentic experience, head to Volterra. This ancient hilltop town is lesser-known but brimming with charm, offering breathtaking views, Etruscan ruins, and narrow streets lined with artisanal shops. Visit during the quieter hours of the afternoon to soak in the atmosphere, away from the tourist crowds.

Maldives: Private Villas and Underwater Dining

A beach in the Maldives at sunset.  There is a palm tree leaning out of the water, and the pink sand is contracted against the blue water.  There is a person walking alone on the beach.

The Maldives has long been associated with luxury and privacy, making it one of the top choices for an indulgent 40th birthday trip. If you’ve ever dreamed of staying in a private villa perched over a turquoise lagoon, this is a great place to do it. The Maldives offers some of the most stunning overwater accommodations in the world, with private pools, direct access to the ocean, and butler service to cater to your every need.

What makes the Maldives truly unique are its underwater experiences. For your 40th birthday dinner, why not dine at an underwater restaurant, where you’ll be surrounded by vibrant marine life as you enjoy a gourmet meal? It’s a surreal experience and one that’s sure to make your birthday celebration unforgettable.

If you’re looking for something even more special, consider booking a private yacht excursion to explore the surrounding islands. Whether you spend your days snorkeling, diving, or simply relaxing on the beach, the Maldives offers the perfect combination of luxury and natural beauty.

INSIDER TIP

While the Maldives is famed for its luxury resorts, venture off the beaten path by visiting a nearby local island such as Maafushi or Gulhi. Many resorts offer day trips to these inhabited islands, where you can experience traditional Maldivian culture, taste local dishes, and meet the islanders, giving you a deeper connection to the place beyond the resort’s opulence.

Romantic 40th Birthday Trip Ideas for Couples

If you’re planning a 40th birthday celebration with your partner, why not turn it into a romantic getaway? Celebrating this milestone together in an intimate setting can make the occasion even more meaningful. From sunset views to candlelit dinners, these destinations offer all the romance and charm you need for a perfect couples’ retreat.

Santorini, Greece: Sunsets and Secluded Getaways

White buildings on the hillside in Santorini Greece.  It looks like dusk, and you can see he ocean on the left.  Everything has a blue glow about it.

Santorini, with its iconic white-washed buildings and stunning blue-domed churches, is one of the most romantic destinations in the world. This Greek island is known for its breathtaking sunsets, especially from the village of Oia, where couples gather each evening to watch the sky turn shades of pink, orange, and purple over the Aegean Sea.

For a special 40th birthday trip with your partner, consider staying in one of Santorini’s cliffside hotels, where you can enjoy private terraces with panoramic views. Spend your days exploring the island’s charming villages, sipping local wine, and indulging in traditional Greek cuisine. Many hotels also offer luxurious spa services, so you can unwind and relax with a couples’ massage or a soak in your private hot tub. Santorini is perfect for those seeking a romantic, relaxing escape that will make yur milestone birthday one to remember.

Insider Tip: Hike from Fira to Oia

One of the most scenic, yet often overlooked, experiences in Santorini is the 10-kilometer hike from Fira to Oia. This walking trail takes you along the caldera’s edge, offering incredible views of the island’s volcanic cliffs and blue-domed churches. You’ll also pass through quiet villages like Imerovigli and Firostefani, perfect for a peaceful break from the busier areas.

Paris, France: Strolls by the Seine and Michelin-Star Dining

The Eiffel tower seen between two buildings in Paris.

There’s a reason Paris is called the City of Love. Its cobblestone streets, quaint cafés, and iconic landmarks make it one of the most romantic destinations in the world. A 40th birthday spent in Paris with your significant other is sure to be filled with magical moments—whether it’s enjoying a private Seine River cruise or dining at one of the city’s many Michelin-star restaurants.

For your special day, take a romantic walk along the Seine, stopping at landmarks like the Eiffel Tower and Notre-Dame Cathedral. Then, treat yourselves to a gourmet dinner in a historic Parisian bistro or splurge on a tasting menu at a top-rated Michelin-starred restaurant. You can also visit the beautiful gardens of Versailles or spend the afternoon shopping in the city’s chic boutiques. Paris offers endless options for couples looking to celebrate a 40th birthday in style and sophistication.

If you are looking for an extra special way to see the city, why not book a Paris city tour in an old Citroen?  These tours are a fun way to see the sights of the city, and some of them can even include a picnic lunch for the perfect afternoon in Paris!

Insider Tip: Explore the Hidden Passages of Paris

Paris has a series of secret covered passages, like Passage des Panoramas and Galerie Vivienne, dating back to the 19th century. These hidden gems are filled with charming cafés, antique bookstores, and boutique shops. They offer a tranquil and unique way to discover Paris, especially when you want to escape the hustle and bustle of the tourist-heavy areas. If you would like a guided tour of these passages, we have a fabulous guide who can give you more context and history.

Napa Valley, California: Wine Tours and Vineyard Retreats

A hot air balloon floating over Napa Valley.

If you and your partner are wine lovers, Napa Valley is the ideal destination for a romantic 40th birthday getaway. This beautiful region in Northern California is home to some of the best wineries in the world, and it’s perfect for a relaxing, intimate escape. Imagine spending your days touring vineyards, sampling world-class wines, and enjoying gourmet meals made from locally sourced ingredients.

Many of Napa Valley’s wineries offer private tours and tastings, so you can explore the vineyards at your own pace. For a truly special experience, consider booking a hot air balloon ride over the valley, where you’ll be treated to panoramic views of the rolling hills and vineyards below. Afterward, you can relax in a luxury resort or cozy up in a boutique bed and breakfast surrounded by beautiful gardens. Napa Valley’s combination of scenic beauty, fine wine, and luxury accommodations makes it an unforgettable destination for a romantic 40th birthday trip.

For a truly unique way to experience Napa’s stunning landscapes and world-class wineries, hop aboard the Napa Valley Wine Train. This vintage, luxury train takes you on a scenic journey through the heart of Napa Valley, offering breathtaking views of vineyards, rolling hills, and historic wineries along the way. As you relax in the beautifully restored Pullman railcars, you’ll enjoy a gourmet multi-course meal crafted with fresh, local ingredients, paired with some of the region’s finest wines. The Wine Train offers various themed tours, including stops at renowned wineries for tastings and tours, making it a perfect way to immerse yourself in the rich flavors and history of Napa Valley in a stylish and leisurely manner.

Insider Tip: Visit Calistoga’s Old Faithful Geyser

While wine tasting is the main attraction, take a break by visiting Calistoga’s Old Faithful Geyser. It’s one of only three “faithful” geysers in the world, erupting every 30 minutes. Nearby, you can also find the Petrified Forest, a unique geological site where ancient trees have turned to stone. These lesser-known stops add an intriguing twist to a typical Napa itinerary.

Adventurous 40th Birthday Trip Ideas for Guys

If you’re turning 40 and craving an adrenaline rush, there are plenty of adventure-packed trips that will make your birthday truly unforgettable. Whether you’re into extreme sports, outdoor exploration, or unique experiences, these destinations are perfect for guys looking to celebrate their 40th birthday with a little excitement and thrill.

New Zealand: Bungee Jumping, Heli-Skiing, and Luxury Lodges

Roys Peak in Queenstown New Zealand.  There is a lake in the background, and there is a group of friends standing on top of the peak.

New Zealand is an adventure lover’s paradise, offering a diverse range of thrilling activities set against some of the most breathtaking landscapes in the world. To experience the best of it, Queenstown is the ideal base for your 40th birthday adventure. Known as the “Adventure Capital of the World,” Queenstown is where the adrenaline rush begins. 

Start by bungee jumping off the Kawarau Bridge, the world’s first commercial bungee site, or take on the Nevis Bungee, New Zealand’s highest bungee jump, for a heart-pounding experience. The city is also a gateway to other adrenaline-packed activities like skydiving, jet boating, and zip-lining.

For winter sports enthusiasts, heli-skiing is an unforgettable way to celebrate your milestone birthday. Queenstown is surrounded by pristine alpine ranges, and from June to October, you can be dropped by helicopter onto untouched slopes to carve down fresh powder. The heli-skiing operations in Queenstown and nearby Wanaka provide a thrilling mix of luxury and adventure, perfect for winter sports aficionados.

After a day of action, unwind in one of the region’s luxury lodges. Consider staying at Rosewood Matakauri, which offers five-star comfort with panoramic views of the Remarkables mountain range and Lake Wakatipu. These lodges provide the perfect balance of adventure and relaxation, with gourmet dining, outdoor hot tubs, and personalized service that makes your stay as memorable as the activities themselves.

Insider Tip: Explore the Fiordland’s Hidden Caves

For an off-the-beaten-path experience, take a day trip from Queenstown to the nearby Fiordland National Park and visit the glowworm caves in Te Anau. A serene contrast to Queenstown’s high-octane activities, these caves are filled with thousands of glowing worms, creating a magical, otherworldly experience. It’s the perfect way to unwind and reflect after a thrilling day of adventure.

Kentucky Bourbon Trail: Guided Tours and Tastings

A glass of bourbon on a table with ice cubes in it.  The background of the bar is blurred out behind it.

If you’re more of a whiskey connoisseur than a thrill-seeker, the Kentucky Bourbon Trail is a fantastic way to celebrate your 40th birthday. This iconic trail takes you through the heart of bourbon country, where you’ll visit world-renowned distilleries like Maker’s Mark, Woodford Reserve, and Buffalo Trace.

Along the way, you’ll get the chance to take guided tours, learn about the bourbon-making process, and of course, enjoy tastings of some of the best bourbon in the world. Many distilleries offer special birthday packages, including private tastings and even opportunities to bottle your own bourbon. This trip is ideal for guys who appreciate the finer things in life and want to combine history, culture, and craft spirits into one unforgettable birthday experience.

Insider Tip: Stay at a Bourbon-Themed B&B

For a truly immersive experience, consider staying at the Bourbon Manor Bed & Breakfast in Bardstown, known as the Bourbon Capital of the World. This charming B&B not only offers cozy accommodations but also bourbon-inspired breakfasts and private tastings. It’s a great way to soak in the local culture beyond the distilleries.

Austin, Texas: BBQ, Rodeos, and Live Music

A historic mural in Austin Texas.  The Mural consists of colorful squares with different words in the about Austin in varying fonts.

For a mix of adventure, culture, and good food, Austin, Texas, is the perfect 40th birthday destination. Known as the Live Music Capital of the World, Austin is a vibrant city that offers plenty of excitement for those looking to celebrate in style. Spend your days indulging in some of the best BBQ in the country, from legendary spots like Franklin Barbecue to lesser-known local gems.

If you’re in the mood for something truly Texan, catch a rodeo or take part in some outdoor adventures like kayaking on Lady Bird Lake. And when the sun goes down, Austin’s legendary live music scene comes to life. From honky-tonk bars to outdoor concerts, there’s no shortage of entertainment. Whether you’re exploring the city’s eclectic culture or relaxing with a cold beer and live tunes, Austin makes for an adventurous yet laid-back 40th birthday getaway.

Insider Tip

While Austin is famed for its music and BBQ, a visit to Barton Springs Pool is a must. This natural spring-fed pool located in Zilker Park offers crystal-clear waters perfect for a refreshing dip, especially after a day of exploring the city. It’s a local favorite, offering a tranquil spot amidst the city’s lively energy.

Family-Friendly 40th Birthday Getaways

If you’re celebrating your 40th birthday with family, it’s important to find a destination that caters to both adults and kids. A family-friendly getaway can still offer plenty of excitement, relaxation, and luxury, ensuring that everyone has a great time while marking your milestone birthday.

Universal Studios Orlando: Thrills and Movie Magic for Families

Universal Studios Orlando Arch Entrance at night.  The arch is lit up.

For a 40th birthday celebration that’s packed with excitement and fun for the whole family, Universal Studios Orlando is an unbeatable destination. While it’s famous for its thrilling rides and immersive experiences, Universal also offers plenty for adults to enjoy, making it the perfect spot for a multigenerational family trip.

Spend your days exploring iconic attractions inspired by blockbuster movies, such as The Wizarding World of Harry Potter, where you can sip Butterbeer, visit Hogwarts Castle, and ride thrilling roller coasters. For adrenaline junkies, rides like Jurassic World VelociCoaster and The Incredible Hulk Coaster offer heart-pounding experiences that both kids and adults will love.

If you’re looking to relax after a day in the parks, consider staying at one of Universal’s luxury on-site resorts, like Loews Portofino Bay or Hard Rock Hotel, where you can unwind by the pool or enjoy upscale dining. Many of the resorts offer early park admission and express passes, giving you a VIP experience throughout your stay.

Insider Tip: Take a VIP Tour

For a special birthday treat, book an exclusive VIP Experience tour, which gives you behind-the-scenes access, front-of-the-line privileges, and a guided journey through the park’s most popular attractions. Taking a VIP tour will be the highlight of your Universal Studios vacation, and it will make your whole visit that much more special!

Grand Canyon, Arizona: Hiking, Helicopter Tours, and Camping

A photo of the grandeur of the Grand Canyon at Sunset.  The rocks look like they are glowing with the setting sun.

For an adventurous yet family-friendly 40th birthday trip, the Grand Canyon offers stunning natural beauty and plenty of activities for all ages. Whether your family loves hiking, photography, or just exploring the great outdoors, the Grand Canyon has something for everyone.

Take a scenic hike along the South Rim, where you’ll be treated to breathtaking views of one of the most iconic natural wonders in the world. For a truly memorable birthday experience, book a helicopter tour of the canyon, which will give you a bird’s-eye view of its awe-inspiring landscapes. If your family loves camping, consider spending a night under the stars at one of the Grand Canyon’s campgrounds, where you can enjoy s’mores around the campfire and wake up to the incredible sight of the sun rising over the canyon.

Insider Tip: Visit Havasu Falls

For a truly magical experience, plan a hike to Havasu Falls. Located in the Havasupai Indian Reservation, this stunning waterfall is famous for its vibrant blue-green waters and scenic beauty. The challenging hike takes you off the beaten path, but it’s worth the effort for a secluded and awe-inspiring view of the falls. 

You will need to plan this adventure ahead of time, as you need a permit to visit.  The permits are released on February 1st each year.

Hawaii: Beaches, Snorkeling, and Family Resorts

Luau dancers and musicians at a luau in Hawaii.

Hawaii is a tropical paradise that offers the perfect blend of adventure and relaxation for families celebrating a 40th birthday. Each of the Hawaain islands offers something different as far as activities and atmosphere (we would be happy to help you narrow down which island is perfect for YOU!)  Whether you’re lounging on golden beaches, snorkeling in crystal-clear waters, or exploring lush rainforests, Hawaii has something for everyone.

For families with younger kids, many resorts in Hawaii offer kids’ clubs and activities that allow parents to enjoy some much-needed relaxation time. You can spend your days snorkeling with sea turtles, hiking to hidden waterfalls, or simply soaking up the sun on the beach. 

And for a special birthday dinner, many Hawaiian resorts offer luaus, where you can enjoy traditional Polynesian food, music, and dance. Hawaii’s natural beauty and welcoming atmosphere make it an unforgettable destination for a family-friendly 40th birthday vacation.

Insider Tip: Visit the Pololu Valley Lookout on the Big Island

For a quieter, off-the-beaten-path adventure, head to Pololu Valley on the Big Island of Hawaii. A short hike down from the lookout takes you to a black sand beach surrounded by towering cliffs and lush green valleys. It’s a peaceful and picturesque spot that’s perfect for families looking to explore Hawaii’s natural beauty without the crowds.

Unique and Unforgettable 40th Birthday Destinations

If you’re looking to make your 40th birthday truly memorable, why not choose a destination that’s a little off the beaten path? These unique destinations offer a mix of adventure, culture, and one-of-a-kind experiences that will ensure your birthday is an event to remember.

Machu Picchu, Peru: Hike the Ancient Ruins

Macchu Picchu, ancient ruins along a hill with beautiful mountains in the background

For a 40th birthday steeped in history and adventure, Machu Picchu is a bucket-list destination. This ancient Incan citadel, nestled high in the Andes Mountains of Peru, offers stunning views and an unparalleled sense of wonder. You can hike the famous Inca Trail to reach the ruins, an experience that takes you through breathtaking landscapes and offers a deep connection to the history of this remarkable site.

If you prefer a less strenuous journey, there are also luxury train options that will take you to Machu Picchu in comfort and style. However you choose to arrive, standing at the top of these ancient ruins on your 40th birthday will be an unforgettable moment, blending adventure, history, and natural beauty in one incredible experience.

Insider Tip: Visit the Maras Salt Mines

After your adventure at Machu Picchu, take a detour to the Unesco World Heritage Maras Salt Mines, an ancient network of salt pans located in the Sacred Valley. These terraced salt pools have been in use since Incan times and are still harvested by local families. It’s a fascinating, off-the-beaten-path destination that offers stunning photography opportunities and a glimpse into Peruvian culture.

African Safari (Serengeti): Wildlife and Luxury Glamping

A safari vehicle in Africa with passengers stopped along side a road.  They are watching a lion passing by on the road at a very close distance.

If you’re a wildlife enthusiast, celebrating your 40th birthday with an African safari is a once-in-a-lifetime experience. The Serengeti in Tanzania offers some of the best wildlife viewing in the world, where you can witness the famous Great Migration, spot the Big Five, and take in the stunning landscapes of the African savannah.

Many safari lodges and camps offer luxury glamping experiences, where you can enjoy the beauty of the Serengeti by day and relax in comfort by night. Imagine sipping a cocktail while watching the sunset over the plains, or falling asleep to the sounds of the wild. An African safari is an extraordinary way to mark your milestone birthday with adventure, luxury, and unforgettable memories.

Insider Tip: Visit the Ngorongoro Crater

While the Serengeti is a must-see, consider adding a visit to the nearby Ngorongoro Crater, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This massive volcanic caldera offers one of the best wildlife viewing experiences in Africa, with a chance to spot lions, elephants, and rare black rhinos in a breathtakingly unique environment.

Alaska: Northern Lights and Glacier Cruises

Viewing Northern Lights in the Alaska wilderness.  You can see the silhouette of mountains in the dark background.

For a unique and awe-inspiring 40th birthday trip, Alaska offers the chance to witness some of nature’s most spectacular phenomena. One of the highlights of an Alaskan adventure is the opportunity to see the Northern Lights, a breathtaking display of natural beauty that will make your birthday feel truly magical.

In addition to the Northern Lights, Alaska is known for its stunning glaciers, and a glacier cruise is a fantastic way to explore the state’s rugged coastline. You can sail past towering ice formations, watch for whales and other wildlife, and even take part in activities like kayaking or dog sledding. Alaska’s wild beauty and sense of adventure make it an unforgettable destination for those looking to celebrate their 40th birthday in a truly remarkable way.

Insider Tip: Stay at the Chena Hot Springs Resort

After an adventurous day in Alaska, treat yourself to a stay at the Chena Hot Springs Resort. Located outside of Fairbanks, it offers natural hot springs and excellent Northern Lights viewing. It’s a relaxing and off-the-beaten-path way to end your day, soaking in the warm mineral waters while the Aurora Borealis dances above you.

Antarctica: Expedition Cruise to the Last Continent

An Antarctica cruise.  You can see the bow of the ship in the foreground, and imposing black and white mountains in the background past still water (you can see the reflections of the mountains in the water.)

For a truly extraordinary 40th birthday, an expedition cruise to Antarctica offers an unmatched adventure. This remote, icy frontier is like no other place on Earth, with its towering glaciers, shimmering icebergs, and untouched wilderness. Sailing across the Drake Passage, you’ll enter the world’s last true frontier, greeted by stunning landscapes and diverse wildlife, including penguins, seals, and whales.

Daily Zodiac excursions bring you up close to this awe-inspiring environment, and some cruises even offer the unforgettable experience of camping on the continent itself. Celebrating your 40th birthday amidst the icy beauty of Antarctica is a once-in-a-lifetime adventure, making it a perfect destination for those seeking something truly unique and memorable.

Insider Tip: Take a Polar Plunge in Antarctic Waters

For the ultimate adrenaline rush during your Antarctic expedition, consider taking part in a Polar Plunge. Many cruises offer the chance to dive into the icy waters of the Southern Ocean—an exhilarating (and chilly!) experience that few people in the world can say they’ve done. Afterward, you’ll warm up with a hot drink and the satisfaction of having conquered one of the planet’s most extreme environments. It’s a bold, adventurous way to make your 40th birthday truly unforgettable and adds an extra thrill to your expedition in this icy wilderness.


Let us take the stress and guesswork our of planning your milestone trip!

We love helping plan big, milestone adventures like this, because this is where the big memories are made. We collaborate with you to take all of the work out of planning your trip, so all you need to do is pack and enjoy!

We are a team of passionate travel agents who want to help you experience the world and find the same joy in travel that we have been blessed to have.

We are a full service travel agency who can tackle any trip that you can think of, but we offer a personalized level of service that you must can't get with booking with a faceless website online.

Reach out by letting us know a little bit about your trip by filling out one of our trip inquiry forms, or shoot us an email or a text to set up a time to have a chat if you have a few questions before getting to that point.

Oh, you can also connect on on Facebook or Instagram here.

Let's Stay In Touch!

Are you not quite ready to book yet, but you want to make sure that you dont't lose track of us? Connect to our newsletter below and we will reach out to you inbox periodically with travel inspiration, so you will always know where to find us!

* indicates required